The Hotak dynasty or empire originated in Loy Kandahar(Great Kandahar)in what is now southern Afghanistan, and was established in April 1709 by Mirwais Khan Hatak who lead a successful revolution against Safavids of Iran, who controlled Loy Kandahar for over a half century and fought with Mughal Empire of India over controlling it. it's been said that when Mirwais was young, his mother Nazo Tokhi (Nazo-Ana), told him that "you have to rescue Afghans from the opression of Safavids and make Kandahar independent". Women at the time were involved in military and politics when it was needed, for example, when her father (Sultan Malki Tukhi, who's rule stretched from Ghazni to Jaldaka) died in a battle near the Soor Ghar (red mountain), her brother Hajji Abdel Tukhi was left to avenge their father, Nazo-Ana was left for the defence of the Castle and village, she dressed like a warrior and fought the enemy to their defeat.
it lasted until 1738, which is about 32 years, when Hussien was defeated by Nader Shah of Iran in his 8 siege of Kandahar. despite it, Kandahar resisted many sieges of Nader Shah. the Major-general of Kandahar, Said-al-Khan Naser, defeated and repellsed him 7 times. Its been said that when his guards brought Said-al-khan Naser to Nader, he told his guards:"take his eyes out, because I fear from his eyes".
At the peak of Hotaks Empire, they ruled on Afghanistan, Iran, Pakistan and some parts of Turkmenistan and Tajikistan.
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The Durrani Empire also called the Sadozain Kingdom. it was founded and built by Ahmad Shah Abdali who was the son of Muhammad Zaman Khan Abdali and the commander of Nader Afshar. In June 1747, Ahmad Shah Abdali secured Afghanistan and became king of Afghanistan. After the death of Nader Afshar on 1747, he laid claim to Kandahar. From there, he conquered Kabul, Ghazni and Peshawer in that same year. then he conquered Mashhad, which at the time was ruled by Shahrokh Shah. He then sent an army to the areas of North Hindu kush, he also four times invaded India, taken Punjab and Kashmir region. He invaded Delhi too, but permitted the Mughal Empire to remain in nominal control as long as they acknowledged their rule on Punjab, Sindh, and Kashmir. After the death of him in 1772, his son Timur Shah became the next ruler who decided to make Kabul the new capital, and used Peshawar as the winter capital. The Durrani Empire is considered the foundation of the modern state Afghanistan, with Ahmad Shah Durrani as the "Father of the Nation".
After these rulers, Barakzain came to power, they reign for a long time, though they reign for a long time, they fight with each other over power, but power doesn't go out of the Barakzai tribe.
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Descendent and Origin of Durranis
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