Boba culture started in the late '80s, and its origins are debated. Milk tea was already well-known in Taiwan, as tea drinking was a robust practice in East Asia.
Boba evolved over time as it grew more widespread throughout Taiwan: Stall owners started introducing fruit boba, using fruit powders and syrups in lieu of actual fruit (which was too expensive and went bad quickly). The topping choices expanded beyond tapioca balls to include elements like grass jelly, almond jelly, egg pudding, and red beans.
Starting in the '90s boba also became a huge craze in the U.S., following the widespread immigration of Taiwanese people and the growing popularity of café culture due to places like Starbucks. The popularity of boba tea grew even more when places like Boba Guys opened up, offering high-quality teas, real milk, and a comfortable, casual atmosphere.